FAQ

Canadian Solar Solutions Inc.

Frequently Asked Questions

FAQ Categories

Ontario's Feed-in Tariff and microFeed-in Tariff Programs
General Questions
Residential Solar in Ontario/ SunGarden Solar Energy Solution
Commercial Solar in Ontario
Solar PV Technologies
Cost of Solar Technologies
Other Solar Incentives
The Canadian Solar Industry
Off-grid and Grid-tied Systems

1. Ontario Feed-in Tariff (FIT)

What is the Feed-in Tariff (FIT)?

On September 24, 2009, the Government of Ontario officially launched Canada's first feed-in tariff, a new renewable energy program established under the landmark Green Energy Act. A feed-in-tariff (or FIT) is a 20-year contracted rate paid for renewable energy generation. It provides standardized program rules, prices and contracts. Feed-in-tariffs refer to the specific prices paid to renewable energy suppliers for all of the electricity produced by the generating facility. the pricing structure provides a reasonable return on investments and is differentiated by project size and technology type.

The microFIT Opportunity

Not only will the new FIT program benefit the environment, create jobs and boost Ontario's economy, it will also offer Ontario homeowners and small commercial businesses a great investment opportunity through the microFIT program.

What is the difference between the FIT Program and microFIT Program?

The microFIT Program is a stream or component of the FIT Program, designed specifically to encourage the development of micro-scale renewable energy projects, such as residential solar PV installations and small ground mounted power facilities. If you are a homeowner, farmer, or small business owner, you have the opportunity to develop a small or micro renewable electricity generation.

Projects eligible for microFIT must have a generating capacity of 10 kW or less. Under the microFit program, you will be paid a guaranteed price for all the electricity your project produces for at least 20 years. The microFIT Program has streamlined contracting and application processes. The FIT Program is for projects over 10 kilowatts installed on rooftops or ground mounted. To speak to a representative, call 519-954-2057 or 1-888-277-8006.

Does CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS meet the Ontario Government's domestic content requirements?

Canadian Solar is proud to announce the compliance of our Commercial Rooftop Solar Solutions and microFIT 10 kW Solar Solutions with the new Ontario content requirements as announced September 30, 2009. As shown in the tables, we certify our content levels meet the requirements to be eligible for FIT and ground mounted microFIT contracts from now through 2010.

How do I apply for microFIT?

To apply for microFIT, visit http://microfit.powerauthority.on.ca/ or contact Canadian Solar Solutions at 1-519-954-2057 or 1-888-277-8006 and one of our best-in-class distributors will be happy to assist you with your application.

How much does it cost to apply to microFIT?

There is no fee to apply for a microFIT system.

Does a residential home earn the same amount of return as a commercial unit?

No. The Ontario Power Authority has developed a streamlined approach to small renewable energy projects under the umbrella of the Feed-in Tariff (FIT) Program. The microFIT program will pay home and small business owners up to $0.80 per kilowatt-hour of electricity produced by a solar electric system. The Ontario Power Authority will enter into a 20-year contract at this rate with persons who install up to a 10-kilowatt solar electric system. On the other hand, the FIT Program is a simpler way to contract for generation, due to standardized Program rules and standardized contracts, including a standardized price. See Residential and Commercial for more information.

In the context of the proposed Green Energy Act (GEA), a FIT Program will be used to procure renewable energy supply going forward. This means commercial developers of renewable energy supply projects will receive a FIT contract if they meet all requirements in the FIT Program Rules.

Generally, a Feed-in Tariff has a number of key attributes:

Open to various renewable energy supply technologies
Transmission and distribution-connected projects
Prices adjusted by technology and project size
Prices are designed to cover total project cost and provide a reasonable rate of return over a long-term contract (generally about 20 years)
Promotes community and Aboriginal projects
Meets renewable energy growth with proactive transmission and distribution expansion
Streamlines environmental and municipal approvals

When will I receive my first microFIT payment and who will I receive it from?

You will receive your first payment after your system is approved to be connected to the grid. Your monthly cheques will be provided to you by the Ontario Power Authority via your local distribution company.

I would like to participate in the new Feed-in Tariff program but I do not want to add solar panels to my roof. Are there any other options?

Yes. If you do not have a roof or do not want to use your roof, you can use a Canadian Solar ground mounted system.

Where can I find the FIT Rules?

The FIT rules are located on the Ontario Power Authority's website. The Green Energy Act (GEA) has received Royal Assent but has not been proclaimed.

When will the draft microFIT Rules be released?

The microFIT rules are located on the Ontario Power Authority's website.

Why a Feed-in Tariff?

The province of Ontario wants renewable energy to be part of its future. It believes that electricity from solar photovoltaic technology can deliver clean energy directly to consumers. Although solar electricity is expensive today, the province introduced this program to help consumers put solar photovoltaic energy to work, with the goal of lowering costs and growing an industry that is ready to become mainstream.

2. General Questions

Who is Canadian Solar Solutions?

Canadian Solar Solutions Inc. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Canadian Solar Inc. dedicated to the Canadian solar photovoltaic (or PV) market. Based in Kitchener, Ontario (Canada), Canadian Solar Solutions is committed to providing turnkey solar solutions for residential, commercial and solar farm markets in Canada. Our experienced, international team offers skills and expertise across all aspects of solar power generation, including:

Management
Business development
Marketing
Sales
Financing
Engineering
Project Management
Solar Manufacturing
Research and development

Canadian Solar is a leading vertically integrated provider of ingots, wafers, solar cells, solar modules and other solar applications. Canadian Solar designs, manufactures and delivers solar products and solar systems for on-grid and off-grid use to customers worldwide. Canadian Solar is one of the world's largest solar module producers by manufacturing capacity. With operations in North America, Europe and Asia, Canadian Solar provides premium quality, cost-effective and environmentally-friendly solar solutions to support global sustainable development. Canadian Solar is incorporated in Ontario, Canada, with headquarters in Kitchener. For more information, visit www.canadian-solar.ca.

Who is Canadian Solar Inc.?

About Canadian Solar Inc. (Nasdaq: CSIQ)
Canadian Solar is a leading vertically integrated provider of ingots, wafers, solar cells, solar modules and other solar applications. Canadian Solar designs, manufactures and delivers solar products and solar systems for on-grid and off-grid use to customers worldwide. Canadian Solar is one of the world's largest solar module producers by manufacturing capacity. With operations in North America, Europe and Asia, Canadian Solar provides premium quality, cost-effective and environmentally-friendly solar solutions to support global sustainable development. Canadian Solar is incorporated in Ontario, Canada, with headquarters in Kitchener, Ontario. For more information, visit www.canadian-solar.com.

Why go solar?

There are numerous benefits for going solar in Ontario. With North America's first Feed-in Tariff (FIT) program now implemented in the province, homeowners can take advantage of the new incentive program and the financial investment it brings to consumers. In addition, homeowners have cited the following reasons for going solar in Ontario: the environmental benefit of curbing climate change, reducing smog from coal plants during times of peak summer energy use, and reducing dependence on polluting sources of energy. Many solar homeowners also note the long-term economic payback rolled into producing their own electricity, offering protection from rising energy prices and increasing the Eco-value of their homes. Photovoltaic (PV) technologies are silent, reliable and tested. Going solar helps to build a strong solar industry and more decentralized energy network in Canada. Visit GO SOLAR for more information.

What are the environmental benefits of investing in solar?

Homeowners have cited the following environmental reasons for going solar in Ontario: the benefit of curbing climate change, reducing smog from coal plants during times of peak summer energy use, and reducing dependence on polluting sources of energy.

Why the delay in going solar?

Prior to the announcement of the Ontario Green Energy Act, which includes the Feed-in Tariff (FIT) program, going solar was generally considered to be out of reach for the average homeowner. The new Feed-in Tariff program makes investing in clean energy available to a larger segment of the population.

Where is Canada in relation to the rest of world with respect to installed solar energy?

In Canada, the solar industry consists of over 400 companies and employs over 1,000 people, according to the Canadian Solar Industry Association (CanSIA). However, Canada still lags far behind countries such as Germany, China and Spain in terms of solar industry development. Canada does, however, have great potential for solar photovoltaic (PV) market expansion and is expected to grow. Visit GO SOLAR for more information.

Considering Canada is so far north, can I actually produce much solar power with PV panels?

Canadian Solar's panels are perfect for the Ontario climate. Not only do they perform well in the warmer months, Canadian Solar's panels achieve higher performance results in cold weather since they increase in efficiency and production output during colder weather.

Canada's solar potential is better than that of some world leaders in solar energy generation (e.g. Germany). Canada has abundant solar energy resources, with the largest being found in southern Ontario, Quebec and the Prairies. The territories have less potential because of their higher latitude, which results in less direct sunlight. The amount of solar energy available across the country varies with the season, latitude, weather conditions and the time of day. A surprise note — Solar PV panels perform more efficiently in cold weather.

Natural Resources Canada has developed a solar radiation map, available for viewing.

You can also view an interactive map.

For more information about Canada's solar power production, see Industry Canada's Resource Processing Industries website.

What if it's cloudy or it snows? Does the technology still work?

Canadian Solars' panels are durable and built to resist the elements. Although some weather conditions will affect the production from your panels, such as on cloudy days when less solar radiation reaches your panels, they still generate power. To illustrate, although it may be a cloudy day, you should wear sun block because the sun is powerful and strong enough to break through the clouds. The same idea applies to panels. Although it may be cloudy, the panels are still working. In the winter, panels may get covered in snow, but it will generally slide off once a water slick is created underneath the snow cover, which happens quickly as the silicon in the panels produces heat that melts the snow. Canadian Solar's panel's have been tested and proven to work for 25+ years with little degradation in overall power output.

Is the solar market in Canada growing?

According to the Canadian Solar Industry Association (CanSIA), the Canadian PV industry has grown at an average annual rate of 25% from 1992 to 2006. Visit GO SOLAR for more information.

3. Residential Solar in Ontario

What does CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS offer the homeowner/farmer/small business owner in the microFIT market?

If you are a homeowner, farmer or small business owner, you have the opportunity to develop a very small or "micro" renewable electricity generation project (10 kilowatts or less in size) on your property. Under the microFIT program, you will be paid a guaranteed price for all the electricity your project produces for at least 20 years.

The microFIT program is a stream of the Ontario Power Authority's (OPA) Feed-in Tariff (FIT) Program for renewable energy in Ontario. It is intended to encourage the development of "micro-scale" renewable energy projects across the province. Owners of these projects will be paid a fixed price for the electricity they produce. Prices are set at a level intended to enable project owners to recover the costs of the projects, as well as to earn a reasonable return on their investment over the term contract.

Canadian Solar Solutions offers homeowners a complete solar photovoltaic solution called SunGarden™ that is built around our high quality panels, backed by industry leading warranties as well as best in class installation partners.

A SunGarden™ system will deliver trouble free power generation from the sun for years to come. A SunGarden™ solar energy solution includes everything you need to take advantage of microFIT. From assessment and installation to financing and ongoing maintenance, a SunGarden™ solution makes setting up a home-based solar power generating system easy. With a SunGarden™ solution, you can increase your income and your home's net worthwhile doing something good for the environment. Now there's a simple way to make a positive difference in our quality of life.

Let's talk about solar.

We'd be glad to help you determine whether you qualify for the microFIT program — and how SunGarden™ can help you reap the rewards of clean, natural solar energy. We invite you to review our company backgrounder and an example of a Canadian Solar SunGarden™ residential installation. Contact Canadian Solar Solutions today and do something beautiful. We look forward to hearing from you.

What does Canadian Solar Solutions offer homeowners in the microFIT market?

Along with our financial strength, world-renowned technical expertise and commitment to sustainable business practices, we provide an uncompromising commitment to quality, durability and performance. We also offer complete turnkey solutions under one brand, SunGardenTM to simplify the purchase process to homeowners. In addition, we have partnered with BMO Bank of Montreal to for those interested in financial options available. For more information, call 519-954-2057 or 1-888-277-8006.

What is a SunGardenTM?

SunGardenTM is a complete solar PV solution offered to homeowners by Canadian Solar Solutions. It is built around our high quality panels, backed by industry leading warranties with best-in-class distributors to help install the system.

With a SunGardenTM solution, you can increase your income and your home's net worth, while doing something good for the environment. A SunGardenTM solution makes setting up a home-based solar energy generating system easy, affordable and rewarding.

Why should customers choose SunGarden by Canadian Solar Solutions?

Along with our financial strength, world-renowned technical expertise and commitment to sustainable business practices, we provide an uncompromising commitment to quality, durability and performance.

How does the SunGradenTM work?

The sun's rays produce electricity when they are absorbed by solar panels. This electricity is fed to your inverter, which turns it from direct current (DC) electricity to alternating current (AC) electricity and then feeds it into the electricity grid where you make 80.2 cents/kWh. Visit www.sungarden.ca to view the real-time monitoring system on our Kitchener office's rooftop.

What are the requirements to install a SunGardenTM solar energy system on my homes rooftop?

There are multiple factors that must be considered before a solar energy system is installed. For instance, your roof must be able to support a system and have some unobstructed southern exposure. A building permit is also required in most cities. For a full overview of requirements, call 519-954-2057 or 1-888-277-8006 to speak with a Canadian Solar Solutions Representative who will direct you to one of our best-in-class distributors.

Why should homeowners go solar?

There are numerous benefits for going solar in Ontario. With North America's first comprehensive Feed-in Tariff (FIT) program now implemented in the province, homeowners can take advantage of the new incentive program and the financial payback it provides residents who produce clean energy and feed it into the grid. Many solar energy system homeowners note the long-term economic payback rolled into producing their own electricity, offering protection from rising energy prices and increasing the eco-value of their homes. Technologies are virtually maintenance free, environmental friendly, silent, reliable and tested. Going solar helps to build a strong solar industry and a more decentralized energy network in Canada.

Are rates guaranteed?

Yes, You are guaranteed a premium rate of 80.2 cents for each kilowatt-hour (kWh) that your SunGarden system produces for the next 20 years. As a reference, the average rate per kWh an Ontario homeowner pays for electricity consumed is approximately 7 cents. With a SunGarden, you will be paid approximately 10 times more.

What is the cost of a typical PV system?

By having an assessment completed by a Canadian Solar Solutions representative, you will be provided with a best-in-class distributor who will establish what system is right for you. To speak to a representative, call 519-954-2057 or 1-888-277-8006.

What is the Return on Investment (ROI) or "payback period" for solar installations?

Depending on factors such as your system size, financing and location, the potential ROI can range from 13-15%. Homeowners can also use Canadian Solar Solution's PV calculator to measure the impact - both financially and environmentally - a solar energy system will have. To access the calculator, visit www.sungarden.ca or for more information, call 519-954-2057 or 1-888-277-8006.

Is there financing available for renewable energy installation on my home?

Select banks and credit unions are offering mortgage re-advances, renewable energy home renovation loans and other financing options applicable to solar projects. Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS today to learn more.

Will my property taxes increase or decrease?

Currently, there is no direct impact on property taxes at this time. If, over the course of future years, a property is deemed to be more valuable through actual sales then it may increase property tax. Property owners have the right to argue the value of their property. Contact MPAC for more details.

What if I sell my home?

You may sell your SunGardenTM solar energy system with your home.

Will my insurance increase with a solar panel installation?

As with any edition to your home, we recommend that you speak with your insurance company; however, from our experience there is no additional risk allocation completed by any insurance companies. Only the incremental cost of the new equipment would need to be allocated to the value base of the building, as it is considered part of the building.

How long do the panels last?

Canadian Solar's PV panels have a 25-year power output warranty.

Is the system invasive?

Not at all. Besides having panels on your rooftop and an inverter somewhere like your basement, the entire system is virtually invisible to daily living.

Is the system easy to maintain?

Yes, the SunGarden system is extremely easy to maintain with virtually no maintenance cost. Our systems have been tested and proven to work for 20+ years with little degradation in overall power output.

Are solar panels visually unpleasant?

Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. Most people find solar photovoltaic panels visually appealing and interesting, and are in favour of solar energy. Your neighbours and community will know you are supporting a sustainable future.

Don't panels cause light reflection?

Canadian Solar Solutions' PV panels are designed to capture sunlight and to minimize light reflection - improving safety and maintaining a system's aesthetic appeal.

Will I need a building permit to install a PV Solar Panel System?

Yes, a building permit is required. Under the Ontario Building Code, building permits are required for the construction and renovation of buildings. Building Code enforcement and permit issuance are local responsibilities. Under the Building Code, solar PV panels measuring 5 metres square or more are considered "designated structures". Designated structures require a building permit.

Does the Electrical Safety Authority (ESA) need to do an inspection?

All new wiring or wiring alterations to your home, including the installation of solar PV panels, require an inspection by the Electrical Safety Authority. This inspection is also a requirement for connecting to your local utility grid (as an Embedded Generation Facility). Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS to learn more.

Is it normal for the installer to monitor your system?

In recent years, it has become standard for solar customers to be offered various ways of monitoring a system's production. In the old days - five or more years ago - most owners had to look at their inverters local distribution company display to determine what was happening. Canadian Solar Solutions' SunGardenTM solar energy system comes with a one-year subscription to its monitoring service. Visit www.sungarden.ca to view the real-time monitoring system on our Kitchener office's rooftop. Additional online monitoring service is approximately $100 a year.

When is a good time to install a solar energy system at my home?

It is wise to consider installing a solar energy system when you are preparing a new build, undertaking renovations or energy efficiency upgrades, or after you have repaired or re-shingled your roof. It is important to consider roof warranties when installing additional equipment on your roof. Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS today to learn more.

If you need to have your house re-roofed, should you do that first?

It is highly recommended. Canadian Solar has a 25 year power performance warranty and the microFIT contract is 20 years. A re-roofing project would be more expensive if the equipment had to be taken down and then reinstalled.

Is there an alternative option if my roof isn't suitable for a rooftop system?

Yes, PV ground mounted systems can be used for an average home system.

What are the steps to putting a system on your home?

Contact Canadian Solar Solutions at 519-954-2057 or 1-888-277-8006 and we will connect you with one of best-in-class distributors. They will come to your home to conduct an onsite assessment of your rooftop to determine the maximum size for the best payback. Once you and the best-in-class distributor have determined that a SunGardenTM solar energy system is right for your home, they will install the system, which takes between 2-3 days depending on the size of your system. During this time, we will assist you with your microFIT application. Once your application has been approved and connected to the grid, you will begin to receive the payments from your local distribution network via your local distribution company (ex. Ontario Hydro)

How do I know what size of a system to purchase?

According to the FIT program, residential PV systems maximize their system up to 10 kW (<=10 kW are microFIT, >10 kW are FIT). Typical residential systems are between 1 kW and 3 kW (5 - 15 panels) capacity, although larger photovoltaic systems are possible. Factors affecting the sizing of the system will include: household consumption (if off-grid), roof space and financial considerations. A site visit will help an installer to size and quote on an appropriately sized system. By having an assessment completed by a Canadian Solar Solutions representative, you will be provided with a best-in-class distributor who will establish what system is right for you. To speak to a representative, call 519-954-2057 or 1-888-277-8006.

Does Canadian Solar Solutions offer assessment for homeowners?

Yes, through our distributors. Call 519-954-2057 or 1-888-277-8006 to speak with a representative who will direct you to one of our best-in-class distributors.

Does Canadian Solar Solutions sell solar trackers?

Yes. Canadian Solar Solutions sells solar trackers though a partnership. For more information please call 519-954-2057 or 1-888-277-8006 to speak with a representative who will direct you to one of our best-in-class distributors.

If a panel is damaged, can you pull it out and replace it?

Yes, solar systems are modular. A module can be replaced by one of the same brand and model.

If a grid power outage occurs, does your system go out?

Yes, current flow to the grid and the house is automatically cut off at the inverter to protect electrical workers. Current flow automatically resumes when grid power is restored.

How do I remove myself from the grid?

Off-grid applications account for the majority of PV sales in Canada. This is changing with the introduction of the Feed-in Tariff Program in Ontario and the opportunity to sell power to the grid. Off-grid applications are often most feasible for cottages. Many cottagers that do not have access to the grid often find it more economical to produce their own power from renewable energy than to pay for connecting to the grid.

What types of residential incentives does the Provincial Government have for solar?

To support renewable energy, the Green Energy Act, 2009 (GEA) was introduced to the Ontario Legislature on February 23, 2009. It includes the new renewable energy program known as a Feed-in Tariff (FIT) Program, which is designed to further encourage the development of a renewable energy supply. The Ontario Power Authority (OPA) is offering Renewable Energy Feed-in Tariffs under this program up to $0.802/kWh from PV electricity generators that are connected to Ontario's distribution system. Learn more by visiting the Ontario Power Authority's website.

The Ontario Government offers a rebate on the provincial sales tax for photovoltaic (PV) systems. The Solar Energy Systems Rebate returns the Retail Sales Tax (RST) paid on solar energy systems to homeowners or builders who install the energy systems into residential premises, including multi-residential premises, or who expand or upgrade an existing solar energy system. This rebate has been extended for qualifying systems that are purchased and installed in residential premises before January 1, 2010. Learn more by visiting the Ontario Power Authority's website.

How do I choose a supplier or installer?

Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS today to learn more.

Do I require a Connection Impact Assessment (CIA)?

No. Projects less than 10 kW are exempt from a Connection Impact Assessment, which applies to all rooftop solar installations, as the impact on the grid is considered minimal. A connection approval from your local distribution (hydro) company is required and will involve a site inspection.

4. Commercial Solar in Ontario

What types of photovoltaic (PV) commercial incentives are available?

Ontario Power Authority's Renewable Energy Feed-in Tariff (FIT) Program

Learn more by visiting the Ontario Power Authority's website.

Federal Program Incentives

ecoENERGY for Renewable Power will invest $1.48 billion to increase Canada's supply of clean electricity from renewable sources such as wind, biomass, low-impact hydro, geothermal, solar photovoltaic and ocean energy. It will encourage the production of 14.3 terawatt hours of new electricity from renewable energy sources, enough electricity to power about one million homes. ecoENERGY for Renewable Power will provide an incentive of one cent per kilowatt-hour, for up to 10 years, to eligible low-impact, renewable electricity projects constructed over the next four years (April 1, 2007 to March 31, 2011). Learn more by visiting the Government of Canada's ecoAction website.

The ecoENERGY for Aboriginal and Northern Communities Program offers "one window" access for communities to participate in national clean energy action. Eligible projects must focus on proven energy technologies, including:

Renewable energy: small or micro hydro facilities, wind turbines (where feasible, considering technical and economic factors), solar electric (where feasible), and biomass (where feasible)
Energy efficiency: improved diesel generation efficiency (in off-grid communities), district heating applications, solar thermal and improved energy/heating systems in community buildings.

Visit Government of Canada's ecoAction website to learn more.

Will accelerated Capital Cost Allowance (CCA) for clean generation be applicable for the FIT program?

In financing a project, accelerated CCA is often a significant inducement for investors. Partnership structures are used so that the partners can claim the CCA and use it against other income in the early years of a project when no income may be generated from the project itself. To combat perceived abuses caused by these structures, "specified energy property rules" generally limit CCA to the income earned from the project. This limitation does not apply, however, if the principal purpose of a project is to generate energy for use in the owner's business that is other than the sale of energy. This allows the accelerated deduction to be used by those who build green energy projects for their own businesses and then sell the surplus energy to a hydro grid.

Under the Canadian system for CCA, separate CCA "classes" are prescribed for various types of tangible fixed assets used in a business. The costs of the assets in each class are written down at a prescribed maximum annual rate.

A 50% accelerated CCA is provided under Class 43.2 of Schedule II to the Income Tax Regulations for specified energy generation equipment. Eligible equipment must generate either heat, for use in an industrial process, or electricity, by:

Using a renewable energy source (e.g. wind, solar, small hydro)
Using waste fuel (e.g. landfill gas, manure, wood waste)
Making efficient use of fossil fuels (e.g. high efficiency cogeneration systems).

Class 43.2 was introduced in 2005 and is currently available for assets acquired on or after February 23, 2005, and before 2012.

For more information on CCA, please visit Industry Canada.

Will my property taxes increase or decrease?

Will my insurance increase with a solar panel installation?

Currently, there is no additional risk allocation completed by any insurance companies. Only the incremental cost of the new equipment would need to be allocated to the value base of the building, as it is considered part of the building.

5. Solar PV Technologies

How does weather (snow, clouds, hail) affect the production of panels?

Panels are generally quite durable and built to resist the elements. Hail should not have an impact on your system. Weather will affect the production of your panels, especially on cloudy days when little solar radiation reaches your panels. In the winter, panels may get covered in snow, though it will generally slide off within 24 hours once a water slick is created underneath the snow cover.

CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS leads the industry as the first module manufacturer to adopt stringent quality control standards from the automotive industry — ISO:TS 16949, more rigorous than solar industry standards. In addition, CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS has acquired the ISO certification on quality management — DIN ENISO 9001: 2006.

CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS meets the highest international quality standards and factory certifications. We have received the following certifications from leading global organizations such as IEC, TÜV and ETL:

Our modules have the tightest power tolerances in the industry (± 5W). Tight power tolerances result in more output and, thus, more solar energy for our customers. We also have among the highest per watt PTC (PVUsa Test Condition) ratings, a more stringent measurement of output. More energy secures larger rebates.

CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS modules are used in various ground mounted, large solar power plants, as well as rooftop solar power systems in different climate zones such as Germany, Spain, Italy, USA, Canada, Korea, Japan and China.

A surprise note — solar photovoltaic (PV) panels perform better in cold weather since they must increase in efficiency and production output during that time of the year. Visit GO SOLAR for more information.

To clean or not to clean?

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory, a branch of the U.S. Department of Energy, advises that owners avoid frequent washing. We don't recommend customers clean or wash modules unless they are extremely dirty, says Bill Sekulic, master research technician at NREL's Outdoor Test Facility in Golden, Colorado. Frequent or harsh washing may impair the tempered glass resulting in less sunlight absorption.

What is the difference between grid connected and grid interactive?

A grid-connected system is where photovoltaic panels create electricity and feed it back to the grid. It is built with a safety feature, which ensures that the system goes down when the grid goes down. A grid-interactive system includes a back up battery bank that will store energy and feed excess energy back to the grid. Grid-interactive systems are generally 30% more expensive than grid-tied systems. (Please note: 6,2.3 of the microFIT Contract states that systems with battery backup are not eligible to receive a microFIT contract.)

Is it possible to put panels on a roof facing east or west?

Yes, although the power production will be reduced. The output can be determined by Canadian Solar Solution's distributor during the roof assessment visit. Avoidance of shading is key, no matter what direction the equipment faces: It takes light to make electricity, and because cells and modules are often connected in series, shade that affects one can affect all.

Is there an alternative if you can't use your roof?

Yes, PV ground mounted systems can be used. Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS today to learn more.

Do these systems require a lot of maintenance?

PV panels require little to no maintenance. Like any external device, be sure to work out a maintenance schedule to do your due diligence (schedule to do so the same time of the year you check your fire detector batteries, for example).

How much roof space is required to install a 3 kW (DC) PV system on my roof?

Approximately 65 to 75 square feet per kW mounted on a sloped roof. More space is needed on a flat roof. Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS today to learn more.

What is the weight of the system?

Approximately 37 pounds a panel, although it varies. Then add the racking for a rooftop system. For a 2.5 kilowatt system, about 900 pounds on about 250 square feet. About double that for a 5 kW array. Solar tiles or shingles differ from panels.

Are panels recyclable?

Although there is no formal recycling program in place for panels, parts of panels may be recycled separately where programs exist.

How long do they last?

CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS PV panels have a 25-year power output warranty.

Should today's buyers wait to purchase solar for their home because of technological advancements?

No. The subsidies that now are helping to make solar electricity a money-saver will eventually decline. They have been established in part with the expectation that efficiency advances and economies of scale will continue to drive down the cost of solar, and that declining incentives will roughly parallel reduced consumer costs.

Does the efficiency degrade over the years?

Yes. The rate of slow loss of power output varies but has typically been measured at between about 0.3 and 0.5 percent per year. Solar equipment is often sold with a higher actual production capacity than its nameplate peak capacity rating to account for this. Canadian Solar's power output warranty lasts 25 years and stipulates that a system will produce at least 90 percent of its rated peak capacity for 10 years and at least 80 percent of capacity for 25 years. The Canadian Solar PV modules warranty is also insured by third party Insurance Companies providing additional financial strength to Canadian Solar and demonstrating its long term commitment to quality.

How can I learn about what my system is producing?

The CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS inverter has a display that shows the cumulative energy produced by the solar array. Each participant in the FIT program will have a second utility meter installed that logs and records the kilowatt-hours of energy produced by their solar system. The participant's local distribution (hydro) company will make payment arrangements available for customers participating in the Feed-in Tariff (FIT) program.

Do new developments mean today's modules will become obsolete?

No. The product being purchased is electricity, whether a customer buys modules, leases them, or signs a power-purchase agreement. As a result of cost-related factors, the key determinant of a solar system's cost effectiveness is the long-term price per kilowatt-hour of the electricity obtained. So, while brand spanking-new products may bode well for the industry's future, electricity bought today won't become obsolete any time soon.

How do the systems attach to my roof?

Mounting systems secure the modules to the roof with low profile brackets covered with anodized trim pieces. They have special self-sealing roof attachments that make sure the panels are strongly attached and watertight. If your roof needs replacing in the future, the system can be disassembled and reinstalled after the roofers have completed the roof. There is an alternative option, which is ground mounted. Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS today to learn more.

Do I need an air gap under panels on the roof?

Yes. The area beneath modules can get hot in intense sunlight, both from the reflected radiance and because the equipment's energy generation produces heat as a byproduct. Module manufacturers often specify the minimum standoff for their brands, which tends to range from 3 to 6 inches to permit airflow and adequate cooling. Crystalline silicon-based modules operate at highest efficiency when kept cool. Maximum production is often achieved in clear and sunny but very cool weather. Provided there is sufficient airflow beneath an array, the panels' shade may help to reduce attic temperatures.

How do I find an installer?

Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS to learn how to get started.

6. Cost of Solar Technologies

What is the cost of a typical residential PV system?

Costs of residential photovoltaic systems will vary from site to site. According to CanSIA, the average cost for a PV panel dropped from $11.09/watt in 1999 to $5.36/watt in 2006 (a 50% drop in just seven years). Total cost of an installed system can amount to between $10 and $15 per watt. The overall cost can range from $10,000 to $15,000 for the first kW. Price per installed watt will generally drop in the 2 - 3 kW range. Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS to learn more. If you are interested in a photovoltaic system for your business, visit the Commercial section of this site for more information.

What is the Return on Investment (ROI) or "payback period" for solar installations?

When considering full cost accounting, the true payback is the environmental benefit, such as peak load offsets that you can only achieve with solar technologies. Financial payback is a relative concept to be calculated on a case-by-case basis. Some of the factors that affect payback are: the cost of electricity prices being offset, cost of the system, exposure to the sun, size of the system, financing terms, etc. There are some tools, such as RetScreen, that can assist homeowners in predicting the production of a system and assist in determining payback. Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS today to learn more.

What is the ROI for a solar co-operative, joint venture or bulk purchase model?

In general, joint purchases help to shorten the payback and lower capital cost investments for project owners. A number of creative ownership models have surfaced in past years. Housing developers are beginning to integrate solar into the design of new home construction as multi-residential buildings (condos, retirement homes) are undertaking solar projects. Contact Canadian Solar today to learn more.

Is there financing available for a renewable energy installation on my home?

7. Other Solar Incentives

What incentives are available for farmers?

Solar Farms

CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS has a dedicated team ready to work with farmers to bring their ground mounted solar project to a successful and profitable completion.

CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS is pleased to partner with local businesses, agri-food, utilities, communities and municipalities to bring renewable energy and socioeconomic benefits to local projects. Our services range from helping you select module supply to providing a total turnkey financed solution.

CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS, with some best in class partners, offers technical, operational and financial resources necessary to ensure the successful implementation of a utility scale project. We have the capacity to be flexible to our partners' requirements and devise solutions that meet your needs.

With 500 MW of product installed worldwide, Canadian Solar has a wealth of historic experience that it can utilize to bring these projects to fruition. For more information please contact info@canadian-solar.ca

Products and Services

CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS designs complete, ready-to-install solar hardware solar farm systems on an individual basis. Each solar farm solution includes Canadian Solar modules, Ontario-made inverters and mounting systems, engineering and construction, operation and maintenance, as well as finance and investor opportunities. Such a solution enables engineering and construction teams to rapidly install solar power systems at a lower cost and at a higher level of quality and reliability.

All Canadian Solar panels:

Are silicon-based, either mono or multi-crystalline;
Have a 25-year warranty backed by one of the most reputable brands in the industry, Canadian Solar; and
Have been installed and tested amid extreme weather conditions around the world with outstanding results in terms of performance, resistance and reliability.

Farmers stand to make a large financial profit with the Ontario Feed-in Tariff (FIT) Program. Visit the Ontario Power Authority website for the Feed-in-Tariff price structure.

Rental homes: If you are the owner of one or more homes, are you eligible for a rebate on more than one home?

A homeowner of multiple residential properties will be eligible for multiple audit rebates.

I live in an apartment building. What are my options?

You have several options. You will need to work with the tenant association, property manager and/or owner in order to start a solar project. Multi-residential buildings are eligible for an RST rebate on solar equipment purchased for residential buildings. Buildings can also rent roof space to companies that will install panels and draw revenue from electricity saved or produced. Additionally, buildings can work independently to raise funds and install a system, bringing down the costs of energy for the building.

8. The Canadian Solar Industry

Does Canadian Solar manufacture in Canada?

Canadian Solar was founded in Canada in 2001, was incorporated in Ontario, Canada, in 2001, and was successfully listed on the NASDAQ Exchange (Symbol:CSIQ) in November 2006. Canadian Solar has a strong management and operational infrastructure in Kitchener, Ontario. To date, Canadian Solar has successfully established seven wholly owned manufacturing subsidiaries in China, manufacturing ingots, wafers, solar cells and solar panels. Canadian Solar offers high quality, top-of-the-line solar panels and complete solutions for residential and commercial installations.

What research is happening around solar technologies in Canada?

The following organizations and institutions are researching solar in Canada:

Where can I be trained in solar energy installation?

Training will be offered for our certified partners. Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS today to learn more.

Other educational programs:

The following links to CanSIA's solar training page offers a list of institutions and organizations that offer training programs for solar energy installation, system design or general knowledge.

9. Off-grid and Grid-tied Systems

How do I determine the size of the system I need if I am not connected to the grid and will only depend on my solar PV system?

The size of system you require depends on the amount of electricity you will be consuming. Contact CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS today to learn more.

What is a "grid-tied" system?

The term refers to the direct connection of a solar generator to your utility grid. Unless the option of backup power is included, there are no batteries involved. All electricity generated by the system is used immediately, rather than being stored. (Please note that battery backup systems are not covered under the microFIT program).

What is an off-grid system?

The term "off the grid" or off-grid refers to living in a self-sufficient manner without reliance on one or more public utilities. Electrical power can be generated on-site with renewable energy sources such as solar, wind or geothermal.

Can I install the system myself?

Only experienced solar electric system technicians or licensed electricians should install solar systems.

Are there certifications or standards in place?

All CANADIAN SOLAR SOLUTIONS's solar PV systems conform to recognized safety and certification standards.